The EU's Right to Repair Directive is not an isolated piece of regulation — together with the design-stage requirements of the ESPR and the information disclosure rules of EmpCo, it forms the governance framework for the circular economy. From repairable product design, to comparable information for consumers, to repair services that can actually be carried out, the division of labor among the three is progressively closing into a loop, and it is reshaping how manufacturers make decisions on after-sales systems, spare parts strategy, and compliance management.
